Bokeo is located in the northern part of Laos, 70% of the land is mountainous. Bokeo shares a 35 km on Land and the rest a 127 km of the Mekong River border with Thailand to the west, a 98 km with Myanmar, to the northeast with Luang Namtha and to the southeast with Oudomxay to the south with Xayabouly.

Sapphire is the most important mines and has been known for many centuries. Many historical sites could be found for instance; the trails of the city of Souvannakhomkham , one of the ancient cities in the 14th century. Ancient rocks namely; Hinsivaling and Nhonee (the rocky shape of male and female organs) found in the 5th century in Tonfeuang.

Before the foundation of Lao PDR. Bokeo was a town that wa fallen under the administration of the old and new colonialism. Since 1975 Bokeo was established as the branch of Luang Namtha Province . The name of Bokeo represented as there are many mines of sapphires.

The named "Bokeo" means the pits of sapphire or called "Keo-Praseuth" because it is a rich mining center for gold and sapphire. The Province is home to a large number of ethnic minorities, each with their own lifestyle and customs. Sapphire is the most important mines and has been known for many centuries.

Bokeo Province is in northern Laos , with its capital extending along the bank of the Mekong River . The three country borders' intersection ( Thailand , Laos , and Myanmar), known as the "Golden Triangle", is located here. It has more than 400 villages, each with their own lifestyles and customs.

The most lucrative occupation in Bokeo is gold panning and digging for precious stones.